What Interest Rate Does the Chapter 13 Bankruptcy Trustee Pay on Secured Claims?

EXPLANATION OF THE TOPEKA DISCOUNT RATE

by Jan Hamilton, Standing Chapter 13 Trustee

  • The Discount Rate (Interest Rate) for chapter 13 bankruptcy cases filed in Topeka, Kansas, on or after March 1, 2009, is 4.75%.

This rate will typically be changed no more than once a month, on the beginning of the
month.

Beginning on July 1, 2004, we began using our version of the Till rate. [Till v SCS Credit Corporation, 541 U.S. 465, 124 S. Ct. 1951 (2004)]. We start with the Wall Street Journal Prime as reported by www.bankrate.com. We will adjust prime for new cases filed once per month on the 1st day of each month. We then add 1.5% to that rate as the risk factor. This rate has never been challenged but certainly, in the appropriate case, the risk factor might be higher or lower.

This rate was approved by Judge Karlin in In re Lowder, Case No. 05-44802, in a decision entered on August 14, 2006.Continue Reading

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Beware of Payday Loans, Auto Title Loans

Beware of Credit Offers Aimed at Recent Bankruptcy Filers

Small Loans

It is always best to save some money to cover unexpected expenses so you can avoid borrowing.  But if you are in need of a small loan, avoid the following high cost loans:

Payday loans

Some “check cashers” and finance companies offer to take a personal check from you and hold it without cashing it for one or two weeks.  In return, they will give you an amount of cash that is less than the amount of your check.  The difference between the amount of your check and the cash you get back in return is interest that the lender is charging you.  These payday loans are very costly.  For example, if you write a $256 check and the lender gives you $200 back as a loan for two weeks, the $56 you pay equals a 728-percent interest rate!  Continue Reading

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Do I Have to Reaffirm Car Loans, Home Mortgages?

If you are behind on a car loan or a home mortgage and you can afford to catch up, you can reaffirm and possibly keep your car or home.  If the lender agrees to give you the time you need to get caught up on a default, this may be a good reason to reaffirm.  But if you were having trouble staying current with your payments before bankruptcy and your situation has not improved, reaffirmation may be a mistake.  The collateral is likely to be repossessed or foreclosed anyway after bankruptcy, because your obligation to make payments continues.  If you have reaffirmed, you could then be required to pay the difference between what the collateral is sold for and what you owe.

If you are up to date on your loan, you may not need to reaffirm to keep your car or home.  Some lenders will let you keep your property without signing a reaffirmation as long as you continue to make your payments.  Sometimes lenders will do so if they think the bankruptcy court will not approve the reaffirmation agreement.

Source: Your Legal Rights During and After Bankruptcy:  Making the Most of Your Bankruptcy Discharge Pamphlet, National Consumer Law Center, Boston, MA, www.nclc.org.

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Do I Have Other Options for Secured Debts Other than Reaffirmation?

You may be able to keep the collateral on a secured debt by paying the creditor in a lump sum the amount the item is worth rather than what you owe on the loan.  This is your right under the bankruptcy law to “redeem” the collateral.

Redeeming collateral can save you hundreds of dollars.  Because furniture, appliances, and other household goods go down in value quickly once they are used, you may redeem them for less than their original cost or what you owe on the account.

You may have another option if the creditor did not loan you the money to buy the collateral, like when a creditor takes a lien on household goods you already have.  You may be able to ask the court to “avoid” this kind of lien. This will make the debt unsecured.

Source: Your Legal Rights During and After Bankruptcy:  Making the Most of Your Bankruptcy Discharge Pamphlet, National Consumer Law Center, Boston, MA, www.nclc.org.

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Should I Reaffirm a Debt?

If you are thinking about reaffirming, the first question should always be whether you can afford the monthly payments.  Reaffirming any debt means that you are agreeing to make the payments every month, and to face the consequences if you don’t.  The reaffirmation agreement must include information about your income and expenses and your signed statement that you can afford the payments.

If you have any doubts whether you can afford the payments, do not reaffirm.  Caution is always a good idea when you are giving up your right to have a debt canceled.

Before reaffirming, always consider your other options.  For example, instead of reaffirming a car loan you can’t afford, can you get by with a less costly used car for a while?

Source: Your Legal Rights During and After Bankruptcy:  Making the Most of Your Bankruptcy Discharge Pamphlet, National Consumer Law Center, Boston, MA, www.nclc.org.

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Do I Have to Reaffirm the Same Terms?

No.  A reaffirmation is a new contract between you and the lender.  You should try to get the creditor to agree to better terms such as a lower monthly payment or interest rate.  You can also try to negotiate a reduction in the amount you owe.  The lender may refuse but it is always worth a try.  The lender must give you disclosures on the reaffirmation agreement about the original credit terms, and any new terms you and the lender agree on must also be listed.

Source: Your Legal Rights During and After Bankruptcy:  Making the Most of Your Bankruptcy Discharge Pamphlet, National Consumer Law Center, Boston, MA, www.nclc.org.

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Can I Change My Mind After I Reaffirm a Debt?

Yes.  You can cancel any reaffirmation agreement for sixty days after it is filed with the court.  You can also cancel at any time before your discharge order.  To cancel a reaffirmation agreement, you must notify the creditor in writing.  You do not have to give a reason.  Once you have canceled, the creditor must return any payments you made on the agreement.

Also, remember that a reaffirmation agreement has to be in writing, has to be signed by your lawyer or approved by the judge, and has to be made before your bankruptcy is over.  Any other reaffirmation agreement is not valid.

Source: Your Legal Rights During and After Bankruptcy:  Making the Most of Your Bankruptcy Discharge Pamphlet, National Consumer Law Center, Boston, MA, www.nclc.org.

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Do I Have to Reaffirm Any Debts?

No.  Reaffirmation is always optional.  It is not required by bankruptcy law or any other law.  If a creditor tries to pressure you to reaffirm, remember you can always say no.

Source: Your Legal Rights During and After Bankruptcy:  Making the Most of Your Bankruptcy Discharge Pamphlet, National Consumer Law Center, Boston, MA, www.nclc.org.

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What Is Reaffirmation?

Although you filed bankruptcy to cancel your debts, you have the option to sign a written agreement to “reaffirm” a debt.  If you choose to reaffirm, you agree to be legally obligated to pay the debt despite bankruptcy.  If you reaffirm, the debt is not canceled by bankruptcy.  If you fall behind on a reaffirmed debt, you can get collection calls, be sued, and possibly have your pay attached or other property taken.

Reaffirming a debt is a serious matter.  You should never agree to a reaffirmation without a very good reason.

Source: Your Legal Rights During and After Bankruptcy:  Making the Most of Your Bankruptcy Discharge Pamphlet, National Consumer Law Center, Boston, MA, www.nclc.org.

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Do I Still Owe Secured Debts (Mortgages, Car Loans) After Bankruptcy?

Yes and No.  The term “secured debt” applies when you give the lender a mortgage, deed of trust, or lien on property as collateral for a loan.  The most common types of secured debts are home mortgages and car loans.  The treatment of secured debts after bankruptcy can be confusing.

Bankruptcy cancels your personal legal obligation to pay a debt, even a secured debt.  This means the secured creditor can’t sue you after a bankruptcy to collect the money you owe.

But, and this is a big “but,” the creditor can still take back their collateral if you don’t pay the debt.  For example, if you are behind on a car loan or home mortgage, Continue Reading

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What Will Happen to My Home and Car If I File Bankruptcy?

In most cases you will not lose your home or car during your bankruptcy case as long as your equity in the property is fully exempt.  Even if your property is not fully exempt, you will be able to keep it, if you pay its non-exempt value to creditors in chapter 13.

However, some of your creditors may have a “security interest” in your home, automobile, or other personal property.  This means that you gave that creditor a mortgage on the home or put your other property up as collateral for the debt.  Bankruptcy does not make these security interests go away.  If you don’t make your payments on that debt, the creditor may be able to take and sell the home or the property, during or after the bankruptcy case.

In a chapter 13 case, you may be able to keep certain secured property by paying the creditor the value of the property rather than the full amount owed on the debt.  Or you can use chapter 13 to catch up on back payments and get current on the loan.Continue Reading

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