Tax Refund in Bankruptcy

Cathy Moran on the Bankruptcy Soapbox reminds us of an important asset in bankruptcy:  tax refunds.

Your federal and state income tax refunds are property of the bankruptcy estate when you file bankruptcy in Kansas.  That is true for all refunds you are entitled to receive on the date your bankruptcy is filed, which includes the refunds for the year you filed that you will not receive until the following spring.

Example:  You file bankruptcy in January 2009.  The tax refunds for 2008 you will receive in 2009 belong to the bankruptcy trustee.  The trustee also will be entitled to a pro rata share of the 2009 refund you receive in 2010.

Kansas has no bankruptcy exemptions for tax refunds or earned income credits.  Some states do.

In chapter 13 bankruptcy, your tax refunds for years after you filed, we call post-petition years, are also property of the estate.

It is a federal crime to spend a tax refund that should be turned over to the bankruptcy trustee.  Your bankruptcy discharge can be denied.  It does not matter how much you need the money. The refunds will be sent to you and it is very tempting to keep the money.  Stop and call your lawyer to make sure you understand exactly what you are required to do with your tax refunds!

Congress Considers Bankruptcy Change to Help Homeowners Stop Foreclosure

Senate Bill 61, Helping Families Save Their Homes in Bankruptcy Act of 2009 was introduced in the U.S. Senate yesterday.  A similar bill was introduced in the House of Representatives today and President-Elect Barrack Obama has vowed to sign such a bill on January 21, the day after he is sworn in as President of the United States.

The bill would lift the ban in the bankruptcy code on modifying a home mortgage down (cram down) to the value of the home in chapter 13 bankruptcy.  The bill also would allow a bankruptcy judge to modify the mortgage interest rate and repayment time so the homeowner could afford to stay in his home.  [Read more…]

BAP10 Accepts Electronic Filings

The Bankruptcy Appellate Panel for the Tenth Circuit will accept electronic filing of pleadings starting today.  The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit is expected to follow suit soon.

To participate in electronic filing, attorneys must register for an Appellate ECF login and password with the PACER Service Center and wait for the Court to respond.  This is login is different from the one used in bankruptcy court electronic case filing.  You may sign up for all participating circuit courts and bankruptcy appellate panels with one login, however.

For more information, you may contact the PACER Service Center or call (800) 676-6856.

Jane Bryant Quinn: Go Bankrupt in 2009

“The right time to go bankrupt is when you’re financially, stuck but still have assets to protect,” Newsweek financial columnist Jane Bryant Quinn tells her readers.  “If you are reaching the end of your rope, don’t try to hold on.  Save what you can.”

Saying she normally would tell readers to “suck it up, cut spending and repay your consumer debt,” this year she is risking her “good-girl reputation with a subversive idea:  go bankrupt in 2009”.  It is not always possible to pay debt “especially with an economic tsunami rolling over your home, job and health insurance.” [Read more…]

Kansas Bankruptcies Climb 8% in 2008

Bankruptcy filings increased eight percent in Kansas during 2008, a smaller increase than the 33% national increase seen in most of the country.  A total of 8712 cases were filed here, about 69% as chapter 7 cases for individuals or married couples.  Nationally, 1,064,927 consumer bankruptcy cases were filed in 2008.

Topeka saw slightly more chapter 13 cases than chapter 7 cases in 2008.  Chapter 13 is a reorganization plan for individuals. [Read more…]

New Year's Resolutions for Resolving Debt

Here are five New Year’s resolutions my blogging colleague, Peter Orville of Upstate New York, made for people with debt problems, each highlighting an article found on the pages of Debt Law Network, Credit Law Network or Bankruptcy Law Network.

  1. Create an emergency fund.
  2. Don’t gamble.
  3. Don’t sign up with a “Debt Settlement” company.
  4. Seek advice from a good bankruptcy attorney.
  5. Don’t prepare and file a bankruptcy petition without a lawyer.

Check Out Bankruptcy Law Network and Sister Sites on Mortgages, Debt and Credit

I invite you to read about consumer bankruptcy law at Bankruptcy Law Network. It has been my pleasure to join 24 bankruptcy lawyers and consumer advocates from around the country in writing blog posts for BLN, which has become, in less than two years, the premier Internet site for consumer bankruptcy law information.

The American Bar Association Journal has nominated BLN as a Top 100 Blawg in the niche category.  BLN regularly tops the list of most popular bankruptcy blogs compiled by the ABA Journal.

We also collaborate on the sister blog sites:  Mortgage Law Network, Credit Law Network and Debt Law Network.

Pets Abandoned in Hard Times

People struggling financially are making tough choices and are being forced to give up their pets.  Almost daily people are bringing dogs and cats they can no longer care for to the Topeka animal shelter.

Recently a man brought in two skinny dogs, saying he couldn’t afford to feed them. “He had to feed his kids first,” an intake worker at the Helping Hands Human Society told the Topeka Capital-Journal.

The shelter is filling up with dogs and cats [Read more…]

Conversion Moots Negative Equity Case

Court watchers will have to wait for another case to find out how the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit will rule on the so-called negative equity issue.   The Court dismissed the appeal in In re: Hunt, No. 07-3297, as moot after the debtor converted his case from chapter 13 to chapter 7 bankruptcy.

The ruling disappointed the creditor, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A, which urged the Court to proceed with the appeal despite the conversion.  The Court ruled against the creditor saying the existence of other cases on the same legal issue and the desire for binding appellate authority was not sufficient reason to make an exception to the mootness doctrine. Courts are required dismiss a case when a controversy no longer exists. [Read more…]

Mortgage Creditor Denied Bankruptcy Attorneys Fees

A mortgage creditor may not include attorneys fees in its chapter 13 bankruptcy proof of claim unless the loan documents expressly allow creditor attorneys fees for bankruptcy proceedings, Judge Janice Miller Karlin ruled this week.

U.S. Bank Home Mortgage relied on the “do and pay whatever is necessary to protect the value of the Property and Lender’s rights in the Property,” language, typical of promissory notes and mortgages, to add $350 in attorneys fees to its proof of claim in the debtor’s chapter 13 bankruptcy proceeding.

If [Debtors] fails to make these payments or the payments required by paragraph 2, or fails to perform any other covenants and agreements contained in this Security Instrument, or there is a legal proceeding that may significantly affect [U.S. Bank’s] rights in the Property (such as a proceeding in bankruptcy,for condemnation or to enforce laws or regulations), then [U.S. Bank] may do and pay whatever is necessary to protect the value of the Property and Lender’s rights in the Property, including payment of taxes, hazard insurance and other items mentioned in paragraph 2. [Read more…]

NCLC Collects Mortgage Modification Information

National Consumer Law Center (NCLC), America’s consumer law experts, has collected information about the mortgage industry and government sponsored loan modification programs for combating foreclosure.

Loan Modification Programs Chart

One Million Bankruptcies and Climbing

Bankruptcy filings topped the one million mark for the first time since most of the Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act  BAPCPA) went into effect October 17, 2005.  That is a whopping 30% increase across the nation!  Kansas filings increased almost 12% during the same time period.

The Administrative Office for the U.S. Courts statistics show 1,042,993 bankruptcy cases were filed for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2008. Kansas cases totaled 8,642. About 3% of the Kansas filings had predominantly business debts. [Read more…]

Walking Away from the House

Cathy Moran, my blogging colleague on the Mortgage Law Network, discusses whether you should prevent foreclosure and keep the house.  Walking away from the house is one solution for a homeowner who can’t afford to repay the mortgage loan balance and the house is worth at least as much as you owe.  A deficiency judgment, if one is taken in the foreclosure, can be discharged in bankruptcy.  Here is a pay or go calculator to help you assess whether you should walk away from your mortgage.

GAP Insurance Not In Car Lender's PMSI

GAP insurance, service contracts, administrative fees and the traded-in car payoff are not part of a car lender’s purchase-money secured claim in chapter 13 bankruptcy and can be crammed-down if the car is worth less than the loan balance, Judge Janice Miller Karlin ruled this week in In Re Miller, Case No. 08-40935, (Bankr. D.Kan. December 2, 2008).

Judge Karlin suggested the ruling may be different for service contracts in a future case if the creditor convinces her the contract enhances the value of the vehicle.  Creditors have the burden of proof to establish their purchase money security interest (PMSI) claim, she said.

Non-PMSI charges are still part of the creditor’s secured claim and must be paid in chapter 13 bankruptcy up to the value of the car. A debtor must pay the entire PMSI to retain a car even if the amount is greater than the car’s value if the loan was incurred within 910 days of bankruptcy. [Read more…]

Courts Launch Bankruptcy Videos

The federal bankruptcy courts rolled out short web videos on basic bankruptcy topics for consumers considering filing bankruptcy.

The first video explains that bankruptcy is a legal process for individuals who cannot pay their debts, which stops debt collection and discharges the debts.

All eight videos can be viewed on bankruptcykansas.info or the courts website.

New Kansas Chapter 13 Bankruptcy Discharge Procedure Proposed

A new procedure for issuing chapter 13 bankruptcy discharges and administratively closing the cases is being considered in the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the District of Kansas.  Here is a summary of the procedure from the minutes of the September 17, 2008, Bench and Bar Committee:

  • About six months before anticipated plan completion the Chapter 13 Trustees will file a Notice of Plan Approaching Completion.
  • If no Financial Management Certificate has been filed by Debtors, the Court’s case management computer software (CM/ECF) will send a notice to Debtor and Debtor(s)’ counsel reminding them that the Financial Management Certificate must be filed prior to making the last payment in a Chapter 13 plan. [Read more…]
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